Saturday, March 28, 2020

Game 117: The Legacy: Realm Of Terror (1993) – Introduction

By Voltgloss

In 1992, Infogrames released Alone in the Dark, which put the player in the role of an unsuspecting investigator who experiences the horrors of the mansion of an eccentric magnate, after said eccentric magnate committed suicide. The player tries to escape from the mansion, the unspeakable lurking fears that haunt it in the dark and from the raving madness that the secrets of the mansion could deliver. It is exciting, deadly and … why do I suddenly have this overwhelming sense of déjà vu?


All the pictures into the mind/There's a flashing in my eyes
(Image still from here)

Yes, it's time for a horror double bill here on The Adventure Gamer. The year after Alone in the Dark saw, not only Infogrames's own Shadow of the Comet, but a competitor's entry placed even more solidly in the "haunted house" genre. Because in 1993, Microprose released The Legacy: Realm of Terror, which puts the player in the role of an unsuspecting inheritor who experiences the horrors of the mansion of an eccentric Massachusetts family, as said family's last surviving heir. The player tries to escape from the mansion, the unspeakable lurking fears that haunt it in the dark and from the raving madness that the secrets of the mansion could deliver. It promises to be exciting, deadly, and … why do I suddenly have this overwhelming sense of déjà vu?


We've just been in this place before

So the setup for Legacy is decidedly familiar. What about the gameplay? What we've got on our hands here, based on the manual and a bit of make-sure-everything-works tinkering, is an Adventure/RPG hybrid: a game where the player controls a single character exploring a "dungeon" (the mansion) in first-person perspective, with tile-based mapping and over fifteen different character statistics, all apparently with gameplay significance down the line. Something in the Elvira and Waxworks vein, then - but leaning even more heavily on the RPG side. Will the game stand on its own as an Adventure? Will it navigate the narrow straits of hybridization successfully, or will both halves combine to make less than a whole? We're about to find out.


Higher on the street

The Legacy: Realm of Terror (also called simply The Legacy outside the United States) was the last game developed by British adventure game developer Magnetic Scrolls, after their acquisition by MicroProse. Between 1985 and 1990, Magnetic Scrolls had previously developed six graphical parser-based text adventures (and one "mini-adventure" offered to those who joined the short-lived "Official Secrets" adventure gaming club): The Pawn, The Guild of Thieves, Jinxter, Corruption, Fish!, Myth, and Wonderland. We've not covered any Magnetic Scrolls games previously on this blog - perhaps some Missed Classics treatment is in order down the line? [Admin note: Well, a reviewer did start Wonderland as our sixth Missed Classic, but he vanished after barely scratching the game. A replay is definitely in order.]  For now though, I'm playing through their first and only foray into mouse-driven, RPG-hybrid adventuring, published in 1993 for PC (and released digitally on GOG in December 2019).


See your body into the moonlight

Loading the game treats us to a cinematic intro where someone (our protagonist? someone else?) drives up to the spooky Winthrop House, accompanied by lightning flashes and tense, fast-paced music. Between the glowers of gargoyles our perspective passes through the front door, into a foyer (that we'll see "for real" soon enough), up stairs and through a door - and promptly face-plants into the floor in a dimly lit hallway, blood filling our vision. An omen of things to come? The fate of the last visitor before us? We may never know! What we do know - as the game next tells us after showing a newspaper about the "Winthrop House heir" (us) being located - is that it's time to select (or create) our character.


The fiction is gonna run it again

Character selection/creation lets you pick one of eight different protagonists, each with different backgrounds, character model design, and statistics. You can also manually adjust statistics for any one of the eight characters to tailor their attributes to your liking. The manual also promises that skills can be improved as we progress through the game, although there doesn't appear to be any dedicated "experience" score or character "level"; rather, the game suggests that repeatedly using a particular skill can increase your proficiency at it, Quest for Glory-style. There are seven primary statistics, three of which have four secondary sub-skills, as detailed in the manual:

1. Knowledge - ability to "perform various operations requiring special training." Sub-skills:
  • Electronics - for opening "electronic locks" and dealing with other "electronic objects"
  • First Aid - for restoring health via first aid kits
  • Meditation - for restoring magic power via "Power Crystals"
  • Mechanics - for opening "mechanical locks" and dealing with other mechanical objects
2. Strength - prowess with hand-held weapons, and boosts Health. Sub-skills:
  • Brawling - bare-handed punching prowess
  • Club - prowess with club-type weapons
  • Force - for forcing open doors
  • Lift - for picking up heavy objects
3. Dexterity - a "value for basic agility." Sub-skills:
  • Blade - prowess with bladed weapons
  • Dodge - ability to avoid ranged weapon attacks
  • Firearms - prowess with firearms
  • Throw - ability to throw objects or weapons
4. Stamina - poison resistance and boosts Health

5. Willpower - prowess with magic and resistance to magical attacks

6. Health - our character's life meter; death at zero "hit points." Derived from Strength and Stamina.

7. Magic - or "magic points"; expended by casting spells.

And now, let's meet our eight potential protagonists. Whom shall we pick? That's up to you! I'll be accepting votes in the comments to this post as to your first, second, and third choice of protagonist; I'll then assign 5 points per first-choice pick, 3 points per second-choice pick, and 1 point per third-choice pick, and then using whichever character gets the most points. Ties will be broken by random roll. I'll accept votes up until 72 hours after this is posted. Here we go!


Brad Norris. Sophomore at NYU, ski team captain and Debating Society member.
Planning a "mondo party." Never claimed to have deep motivations.

Brad is the default choice if you're just clicking through as fast as possible, and perhaps by design he's one of the most well-rounded statistically, with equal Knowledge, Strength, and Dexterity scores. Most of his sub-skills have a few bonus points added (the gold line segments extending to the right of the blue, red, or purple line segments below each sub-skill's name).


Charlotte Kane. CEO of the charmingly-named Golgotha Holdings.
Planning to turn Winthrop House into a luxury hotel and conference center.

Charlotte is one of the four options who comes with a spell already learned. No idea why a CEO knows the secrets of the Crimson Mists of Myamoto, but apparently it's a spell to reduce physical damage taken. Statistically, she's got very low strength, mediocre dexterity, but high knowledge (and particularly good at patching herself up with first aid kits). Lower health than Brad, but higher willpower.


Charles Weiss. Stage magician and self-described astrologer and occultist.
Implicated in the Arlington "sacrifice" scandal. We don't talk about the Arlington "sacrifice" scandal.

Charles eschews protective magic for a good old-fashioned fireball spell, leveraging the arcane power of not one, not two, but three words ending in "-eth." Base statistics are generally low across the board (even his Knowledge score is just equal to Brad's, though he's specialized in Meditation where Brad isn't). Where Charles put his bonus points is into his fire magic; see the length of the gold line segment below the "Flames of Desolation" spell name.


Lucy Weston. Sophomore at UCLA. Orphan who worked her way through school.
Tennis and volleyball player. Thinks her inheritance is "totally rad" and "almost tubular." 

Possibly modeled on horror films' "final girl" trope, Lucy here is just as strong as Brad, has extremely high dexterity and health, and is apparently a crack shot (with the best skill in firearms out of all eight characters). As a tradeoff, her knowledge is at rock bottom.


Henry Jones. Head of the Department of American History at Penn State.
Authority on the Salem witch-trials. No word on whether he has a son named Junior.

What horror game is complete without a university professor character? Henry here brings impressive knowledge to the table, with mediocre dexterity (though he's spry enough to dodge and throw surprisingly well) and lots of points devoted to his "Sight of the Dark Walker" spell. I don't have any information on what spells do beyond the description you see here; I'm guessing this lets you see in the dark and, maybe, helps with discovering secrets. Of course, all those points need a tradeoff somewhere; Henry has the least strength and health of all eight characters.


Jane Olson. Investigative journalist with the New York Daily Post.
Looking to uncover the truth about the Winthrop family's enigmatic disappearance.

Jane is our second well-rounded choice. She has very similar stats to Brad, with equal knowledge, strength, and dexterity scores and with solid health and willpower. Jane's a bit better than Brad with at punching, dodging, forcing doors, and tinkering with electronics/mechanics; while Brad has the edge in first aid and throwing skill.


Robert "Boomer" Kowalski. USMC (retired). Purple Heart and Navy Cross holder.
Veteran of actions in Grenada, Panama, and the Gulf.

Someone has to have the most strength of the bunch, and that someone is Robert. He's best situated of the eight to beat down eldritch abominations with his bare fists, and is also ready to swing a mean blade or shoot a mean gun. Average dexterity and mediocre knowledge (though with combat training in the use of first aid kits). His weak point is very low willpower. What's that going to mean in gameplay? We'll see, but the manual suggests your protagonist can become terrified or go into shock at the horrors they'll face. If willpower determines resistance to such effects, our friend Robert here is well-equipped … to go mad.


Isobel Gowdie. Widow and distant Winthrop family relative.
There's always been one Gowdie resident in the area, dating back to the 17th century.

Isobel, like Charles, is a fire-slinging offensive spellcaster. Mediocre stats across the board in exchange for very high willpower and a pumped-up Flames of Desolation spell. Compared to Charles, she has less knowledge (though is a bit better at first aid) and less prowess with weapons; but she actually is better at magic (in both raw magic and in her Flames spell) and has more stamina and health.

So, there's our cast! Whom shall be our avatar for this spooky adventure? You all tell me. I look forward to your choice!

Note Regarding Spoilers and Companion Assist Points: There's a set of rules regarding spoilers and companion assist points. Please read it here before making any comments that could be considered a spoiler in any way. The short of it is that no CAPs will be given for hints or spoilers given in advance of me requiring one. As this is an introduction post, it's an opportunity for readers to bet 10 CAPs (only if they already have them) that I won't be able to solve a puzzle without putting in an official Request for Assistance: remember to use ROT13 for betting. If you get it right, you will be rewarded with 50 CAPs in return. It's also your chance to predict what the final rating will be for the game. Voters can predict whatever score they want, regardless of whether someone else has already chosen it. All correct (or nearest) votes will go into a draw.

Ep 30: Talking History Is Live!

Ep 30: Talking history
This episode is being released on December 7th, 2017. On this date, 76 years ago, naval aviators of the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked United States forces stationed in Hawaii. This led to the US's involvement in the second world war. Please join me in a moment of silence in remembrance of those who died during the war, as well as those who survived the war and have since passed.
Join the conversation at https://theveteranwargamer.blogspot.com, email theveteranwargamer@gmail.com, Twitter @veteranwargamer
Try Audible for your free audiobook credit by going to http://audibletrial.com/tvwg
Music courtesy bensound.com. Recorded with zencastr.com. Edited with Audacity. Make your town beautiful; get a haircut.

Beat The Price Increase

The new pricing structure takes effect on February 15th. We are offering up to a 30% discount our current off MSRP until that date.
Most items will see a 5% to 8% increase and a few specific items will be higher.
If you have an item or two that has been on your bucket list, this might be a good time to blow the dust off the list.

 (from prior post)
We started down the road to manufacturing plastic kits in 2012, a lot has happened since then. I have seen shipping prices nearly double, WGF has ceased to be our distributor and we have taken over that aspect of operations. We now purchase our kits from WGF China directly.
We recently place two restock orders to bring our stock levels back on par, the shipping costs have been an eye opener. In many cases shipping from China to the US was more than the actual cost to manufacture a kit. Some kits needed to be brought in line with their cost of production. This price increase was as minimal as we could make it most items will see an increase of 5% to 8% with some more drastic adjustments to kits that were selling into distribution at a lower than delivered cost to us.
To maintain the health of DreamForge-Games it has become clear that we will need to implement a price increase, effective February 15th2016
 
 Mark Mondragon
DreamForge-Games

Thursday, March 26, 2020

Crutec Co., Ltd. First order 2020

Hello blaine1975.5mcckids

How are you today, I hope you stay safe from the COVIC-19 Virus.

We are Interested in buying your product.

Kindly send your company latest catalog and your best price list.

Also confirm your company mode of payment.

 Bong Jun, Namkung

( President & Supply Chain Manager)

Crutec Co., Ltd.

36-1, Geumhwa-ro 627beon-gil, Siheung-si, Gyeonggi-do,

Republic of Korea.
Tel: +82-(0)31-316-2117 | Fax:+82-(0)31-316-2119

email: bong.jun@crutec.co


Monday, March 23, 2020

Op Compass Game 7 - Sandstorm


Lumbering Matildas slowly crossing the Desert whilst sand swirls around the troops as they advance into the unknown, would adequately describe Game 7 of our ongoing Op Compass Campaign and what follows is the Scenario and AAR.

Italian troops wait for something to emerge from the Sandstorms 
If you want more information on the Campaign I have set up a separate page which is updated regularly with updates on rules along with links to all the previous games,

https://yarkshiregamer.blogspot.co.uk/2018/04/opcompass-1940-resource-page.html


The games are based on an excellent book by Robert Avery which is available from The Toofatlardies, there is a direct link to purchase the
book on the Resource Page.We use 28mm figures with this scenario taking place on an 8 x 6 table using a home brew set of rules, based on Iron Ivans Disposable Hero's.


Ratty and Mole discuss their latest adventures
Historical Background 

Its the 10th December 1940, the previous day (see our recent games) the Italian Forts at Tummar fell, the British Forces moved onto the Sidi Barrani position. Part of the force was detailed to take a small hamlet known as Alam el Dab.

The weather was appalling, a high wind whipping up sand and dust into a constantly changing fog / sandstorm, visibility rapidly changing minute by minute. As the British advanced the cloud of dust lifted long enough for the Italian Artillery to destroy the approaching lorries, the British Infantry helpless, only able to watch as their lift home disappeared.


Italian 75mm Field Gun
As quick as the visibility increased it dropped back to nothing, the British troops now supported by their old friends the Matildas of 7RTR swept forward into a cloud of dust towards where they believed the Italians to be.

Table Set Up and Terrain 

This battle is fought over an 8 x 6 table. The game begins with the Italian positions hidden.


Table Set Up
You should just be able to see on the table a series of yellow dots, these are dividing up the table into 24 equal squares to help with plotting positions and artillery. The terrain is random scrub and rocky outcrops with a single building representing the position of Alam el Dab.

The following Special Rules are in force (see Resource Page for full details),

Difficult Going and Breakdown.

New Rule - Variable Visibility - to represent the fluidity of the distance troops could see in this battle Visibility is limited to 9" plus 1d10 inches. Visiblity is determined once at the start of a new turn and again on the turn of an event card, giving a maximum of 3 and a minimum of 1 change in Visibility per turn. Whilst in force all firing is considered to be at long range.

Spoiler - The Brits have a secret objective, the game ends when they take all three gun positions, the British players should not know this until the game ends.



British Briefing

Italian Artillery has once again proven it's worth, take you troops into the mist and capture their positions. Be careful, the sand is soft, our tanks break down and visibility can change at any time.

Best suited for 3 players. Each Task Force has the following,

1 x Matilda Infantry Tank
1 x British Infantry Company consisting of,
HQ Section with 1 x Officer, 1 x Radio Operator and 1 x Sgt with SMG
Support Section with 1 x 2 man 2" Mortar Team and 1 x 2 man Boyes AT Team
3 x Infantry units of 1 x Sgt with SMG, 1 x Bren Gun and loader plus 7 Privates with Rifles

So 3 tanks and 111 men to get the job done. One TF will start in the centre of the table whilst the others will start equidistant from the centre tank and the table edge.


Advance into the unknown
Italian Briefing 

Once again you find yourself trapped in a difficult position with the seemingly unstoppable Matildas heading towards you. This time you have the advantage of cover and limited Visiblity, hold on as long as you can and cause as much casualties to the attackers as you can. Defend your guns to the last.



Your forces consist of,

1 HQ Section of Officer and Radio Operator 
8 "Blackshirt" units each with 1 Sgt with SMG, 1 x 2 man LMG Team and 7 Rifles.
1 x 65mm Gun and 3 crew
1 x 75mm Field Gun and 4 crew
1 x 100mm Field Gun and 4 crew.



The above photo shows the layout of the Italian positions, only place the terrain and troops on table once they are visible, the Italian player chooses where in the line their three gun pits go.

The position was a series of fox holes rather than a formal trench system hence the use of barbed wire. The Italian positions are static and could easily be played by an umpire or as a solo game.

Italian Artillery can fire over open sights at any target they can see, if they have no target they will fire at random. Dice for one of the 12 squares on the British side of the table, take the centre of that square as the aim point and then randomly deviate by 2 x d10 inches, reroll for each gun.


Italian AT Gun pretending to be a 65mm Gun behind a Renaissance Gabion, it's all accurate
How did we get on 

Once again a good time was had by all, these scenarios really throw up some interesting match ups and with the randomness of the rules players are definitely kept on their toes. The Visablity  rule worked really well and we all got the feel of a swirling sandstorm with targets frustratingly appearing and disappearing usually at the most inappropriate moment.


It's broke Sir
Round 1 went to the Italians without an initial shot being fired, "Hedgehog" one of the three Matildas broke down the first time it tried to move, the random roll produced an unfixable fault and that was it. Next turn the Italian Artillery landed a 100mm shell on the engine deck just to make sure.



The game settled down into a now you see it now you don't gun fight with the variable Visibility, the Brits taking quite a few casualties from the Italians in their fox holes and the randomly landing Artillery.



Things were going well until the tank Gremlin struck again, this time it was Mole in the centre of the attack, who broke down, it was fixable but with Italian small arms easily in range no one was getting out to fix it ! With the Artillery falling else where Mole quickly became a Pillbox, if only it had an AP round.



With the tank stalled, the British went headlong with fixed bayonets into the Italian positions. The Blackshirts held firm and held their fox holes, just.



But the fight drastically reduced the numbers of the defenders and next turn a fresh wave of British troops took the position.



The elation was short lived as the extra move forward revealed more Italians in the Hamlet.



On the British right the last mobile Matilda "Ratty" kept it's slow but seemingly unstoppable crawl towards the wire in front of it, rifles and LMG fire isn't much use against an Infantry Tank.



The Brits in the wire wisely decided to move away from the Hamlet and charged one of the Italian Gun positions, it fell but not without a fight.



The Italian Commander was busy on the radio, but no help came.



On the British left the tankless ("Hedgehog" smoking in the background) company had been wandering around blind for some time, the sandstorm preventing it from seeing anything of value, gradually the advance revealed that the Italian positions were not a straight line and the units moved to engage the flank positions.


The game built up to a nice close, the British had broken into the Italian positions in one location and a couple of others were holding on, however they had taken some pretty heavy casualties, three units had already been wiped out and it was touch and go if there was enough men left to do the job.


Everything came to a head in the final turns, on the right "Ratty" rolled over one of the Italian positions and with the gun position next to it taken that side of the table was taken.


In the centre there was another bayonet charge and again the first unit was wiped out at the wire whilst the remnants of the second one taking the position.


Whilst on the flank the British managed to roll over the 100mm Field Gun with hardly a shot fired.


The game ended when the Pillbox, sorry Matilda in the middle finished off the final Italian Gun and the British objective was complete, but not without considerable losses which were pushing 50% at game end.

So points wise I am going to give the Italians one (for the High casualties) and 3 to the British giving a Campaign Total of 18 to 10 in favour of the Brits.


Game 8 will be up soon, next time after a few games relying on the strength of the Matildas the British are back in the flimsy early Cruiser Tanks. But before then we will be playing on the fields of Edgehill and the Italian Wars Project will see the light of day again.

Friday, March 20, 2020

Tech Book Face Off: The Seasoned Schemer Vs. The Reasoned Schemer

Years ago I was led to the Schemer books by some of Steve Yegge's blog posts. It's been over two years since I've read The Little Schemer, but I enjoyed it so much that I always planned to read the sequel, The Seasoned Schemer. I recently made the time to do just that, along with working through another Schemer book, The Reasoned Schemer, that's not so much a continuation of the other two Schemer books as it is a tangential book written in the same endearing style as the others. Daniel P. Friedman and Matthias Felleisen wrote The Seasoned Schemer in the style of a Socratic dialogue, but in a much more whimsical way. A host of authors, including Daniel P. Friedman again, as well as William E. Byrd, Oleg Kiselyov, and Jason Hemann put together the questions, answers, and Scheme-based reasoning language used in The Reasoned Schemer. The real question is, are these two books as good as the original?

The Seasoned Schemer front coverVS.The Reasoned Schemer front cover

The Seasoned Schemer


Do you like learning about programming?
#t

Do you enjoy challenges?
#t

How about functional programming?
#t

And food and pictures of elephants?
Of course.

Then you probably enjoyed The Little Schemer, and you'll enjoy this book just as much. The Seasoned Schemer more or less follows the same format as The Little Schemer, and it more or less picks up where the latter book left off. What do I mean by more or less? Well, the first book leaned more toward asking questions of the reader that you could actually answer from following the line of questioning. Towards the end it became more of a dialog between two people while the reader was observing that dialog. The Seasoned Schemer definitely follows the later style of a question-answer dialogue that the reader is not so much participating in, but taking in and learning from instead.

This change of pace is not necessarily bad, though. It was just as entertaining and enlightening as before, and there were plenty of times where I sat there chuckling at the zany Q&As that were bouncing back and forth. Whenever there were questions about how to write functions or what was the result of executing functions, I attempted answering them, but there were long of stretches of dialogue that were meant more to be experienced than to be answered.

As for continuing on from The Little Schemer, the book does do that, and the authors assume the reader has read it in its entirety. However, they do remind the reader what the functions are that they defined in the first book so you don't have to go searching back to refresh your memory. They also relax the difficulty level through the first few chapters instead of continuing to ratchet it up from the high level it was left at in The Little Schemer. That's a good thing, because things were getting pretty mind-bending towards the end of the first book, and it was nice to ease back into things before getting crazy-weird again, as things do when you're learning how to implement and interpret the functions you're learning about in the language that said functions are already defined in.

They start out teaching the reader about some new functions that do various interesting things: let, if, set!, letrec, and letcc. As in the last book, the reader learns by doing, and you end up implementing a bunch of functions that modify lists of foods in various ways using these built-in functions. Then things get much more challenging as we learn how the built-in functions themselves are implemented in an interpreter written from scratch. It's an extension of the interpreter developed in the last book, and the extensions are even more difficult to comprehend because the implemented functions themselves are more difficult, especially letrec and letcc

The ramp-up in difficulty was softened somewhat by the pure whimsicalness of the dialogue, sometimes poking fun at LISPers themselves:
How many more conses does deep use to return the same value as deepM
499,500
"A LISP programmer knows the value of everything but the cost of nothing."
Thank you, Alan J. Perlis
(1922-1990).
<Next page>

But we know the value of food!

((((((((((((((((((more pizza))))))))))))))))) 
((((((((((((((((more pizza))))))))))))))))
(((((((((((((((more pizza)))))))))))))))
((((((((((((((more pizza))))))))))))))
(((((((((((((more pizza)))))))))))))
((((((((((((more pizza))))))))))))
(((((((((((more pizza)))))))))))
((((((((((more pizza))))))))))
(((((((((more pizza)))))))))
((((((((more pizza))))))))
(((((((more pizza)))))))
((((((more pizza))))))
(((((more pizza)))))
((((more pizza))))
(((more pizza)))
((more pizza))
(more pizza)
 more pizza)

Maybe it's not as funny repeated here, but then you'll just have to read the book to get the full effect. I had a blast working through it, and I couldn't put it down. The challenge of fully understanding everything in it was steep, though. I definitely will need to go back through both Schemer books to get a better understanding of how everything works, especially the later chapters. If you enjoy a challenge, don't mind a drastically different writing style for a textbook, and like having a little lighthearted fun in the process, then definitely give this book a chance. Of course, you've already read The Little Schemer, so I didn't even need to tell you that.

The Reasoned Schemer


After whetting my appetite with The Seasoned Schemer, I was ready for more scheming with this book. It should be stated that The Reasoned Schemer is not a continuation of the other two Schemer books. It goes off in a completely different direction. Instead of getting further into the theory of computation and how to build a Scheme interpreter in Scheme, this book describes and then builds a language like Prolog for logic programming in Scheme. In fact, miniKanren is derived directly from the language development of this book.

Once again I thoroughly enjoyed the Socratic dialogue format of the book, and I felt that it was an excellent way to teach and develop the material. Like The Seasoned Schemer, the dialogue seems at times to be meant to be read straight through instead of having the reader answer the questions directly. Sometimes the questions are nearly impossible to answer with the information already presented, and sometimes the answers ask questions back to the questioner. It's more of a back-and-forth dialogue that's meant to reveal insight rather than direct questions at the reader.

Even with this reader-as-observer format, the reader can attempt plenty of the questions when they are along the lines of, "how is this implemented" or, "what is the result of this code." I did notice that the examples and implementations tended to be switched around compared to the other Schemer books. In the other books, the questions would start with examples using a new function where the reader was asked to predict the results. Then the questioner would move to the implementation of the function. In this book it seemed that as often as not, the implementation questions came first, and the questions on usage examples came after the functions were described. It works both ways, and I'm not sure I have a preference.

Another difference from the other books was a toning down of the sense of humor. The Reasoned Schemer is decidedly more serious, and that was a bit disappointing. I rather enjoyed the whimsical fun of the other books. The material was still solid and interesting, though, so it's only a minor quibble.

So what does The Reasoned Schemer cover about logic programming? It starts off with explaining how equality relations work, what fresh and reified variables are, and what unification does. These are all concepts in logic programming that feel very different than other types of programming. Then discussions of conjunctions, disjunctions, and defining relations completes the foundation of logic programming so that we're ready to move on to more complex topics.

Following the basics we build up conde from conjunctions and disjunctions, and we see that conde is similar to cond in Scheme. Then we continue on, building up a number of relations that are similar to the basic functions found in Scheme, like caro, cdro, conso, nullo, pairo, etc. Notice that all of these relations end in o? That's because these functions are just like their Scheme counterparts, except that they are relations. After a few chapters of building up relations associated with familiar functions from Scheme, we delve into a classical application of mathematical logic and build up an arithmetic system from fundamentals, defining addition, multiplication, and exponentiation (and their inverses) with relations. It was really neat, I must say.

After all of these chapters on explaining the language and using it, the last chapter goes through how to implement it in Scheme. It was pretty impressive seeing the whole language built in one chapter, minus a couple functions covered in a short appendix using Scheme macros. The whole experience was super enjoyable, and I'm extremely happy to have read these unique, wonderful books. The Q&A format, the wacky humor, and the strong content made for an excellent time learning Scheme and logic programming. I didn't understand everything the first time around, but that just means I get to read them again. I'm looking forward to it. I highly, highly recommend all three Schemer books.

Now make yourself a roasted lamb shank with baked spaghetti and cheese.
Enjoy.

Thursday, March 19, 2020

28Mm Honey Tanks For The Desert


I've continued with my recent drive to get the "to do" box of early war 28mm Desert Armour to the point where the box can be recycled. The latest addition to the "painted" pile are these 3 lovely Blitzkrieg Miniatures M3 Honey Tanks.


With the addition of a Perrys Miniatures Tank Commander (this is one of the standing figures that i have cropped in half to use as a tank crewman) and some decals from various sources these have turned out not half bad.


As the Caunter Scheme Paints were out from the Mk VI Light Tanks I finished last week I just kept rolling with the Official colours.


These are the second batch of tanks I've used the decal names on, they were a nightmare to get anything like straight on these but I do prefer them to trying to hand paint letters on the turrets.


For our Desert games these tanks are the pinnacle of British Armour (our end date is 31st Dec 1941) and when we get to use them on the table it will be a nice change to have a gun that isn't a two pounder!